2014全球竞争力排名：美国依旧老大 日本反超中国

2014全球竞争力排名：美国依旧老大 日本反超中国 2014年全球各个经济体的竞争力如何？ The United States leads the way, Europe recovers...

>How competitive are the various economies around the world in 2014? The United States leads, Europe recovers, and large emerging economies struggle. This is the answer given by the International Institute for Management Development (IMD) in Lausanne, Switzerland, the world's top business school, in the 2014 Global Competitiveness Yearbook.

在今年的排行榜中，美国仍居首位，瑞士和新加坡分列二、三位，中国内地则位列23，日本反超中国列21位。

新兴经济体挣扎

根据该年鉴，美国排在首位是因为其经济的快速恢复能力、转好的就业数据，以及在科技和基础设施上的优势。

Compared with last year, the top ten economies in this year’s ranking have not changed much. Thanks to exports, business efficiency and innovation, the three small economies of Switzerland, Singapore and Hong Kong occupy the second, third and fourth positions respectively.

The gradual recovery of the economy has made Europe's competitiveness better than last year. In addition to Switzerland in 2nd, Sweden in 5th, Germany in 6th and Norway in 10th, Denmark also made it into the top ten, ranking 9th.而在欧洲的外围经济 体中，爱尔兰、西班牙和葡萄牙竞争力均有所上升，分列15、39和43位，意大利和希腊则分别下滑2和3个位次，列46和57位。

Among Asian countries, Japan rose to 21st from 24th last year. The report said that the weak yen helped enhance its overseas competitiveness. The competitiveness of Malaysia and Indonesia has also improved, ranking 12th and 37th respectively. Political instability has caused Thailand's competitiveness to fall 2 places from last year to 29th.

由 于经济增长和外国投资放缓，以及基础设施仍有所不足，大多数大型新兴经济体今年的竞争力下滑。报告称，中国内地从去年的21位下滑到23位，在一定程度上 是由于对其商业环境的担忧；而效率低下的劳动力市场和经营管理则使得印度和巴西分别从去年的40位和51位，下滑到44位和54位。 In addition, Türkiye, Mexico, the Philippines and Peru also fell in the rankings.

”2014年总的竞争力情况是，美国继续取得成功，欧洲得到部分恢复，而一些大型新兴市场则在挣扎。”IMD世界竞争力中心负责人阿尔图罗 布里斯称，”一个国家要想在竞争力排行上攀升，没有唯一针对性的秘方，大部分取决于当地的环境。”

海外形象

作为世界竞争力排名的一部分，IMD世界竞争力中心也对各个经济体商业环境和海外形象进行了调查。

根据IMD对各国企业高管的调查，在竞争力排名前十的国家中，有七个在海外形象的排行榜中也位列前十位。 Overall, there is a strong correlation between a country's overall competitiveness ranking and its international image as a business-friendly country.

Singapore's business executives are mostly optimistic about the country's overseas image. In comparison, business executives in the United States, France, Taiwan, and Poland are more pessimistic.调查报告称，美国的结果可能反映了国际冲突和国内政治僵局等问题，而法国的形象则仍然被缓慢的改革和对全球化的消极态度拖累。

”经济表现逐年变化，观念是长期、逐渐转变的。它们也能够进入一个更好的形象和更佳的经济表现的良性循环中。”布里斯说，所以，高管们如何认知他们的国家，对未来的竞争力发展来说是一个潜在的有用的指导。